Mali faces worsening jihadist violence amid fears of regional spillover, France24

Bamako under siege: why Mali’s army is struggling to break the jihadist blockade of the capital, The Conversation

Mali: Bamako peut-il tomber aux mains du JNIM?, France24

Niger Decriminalization Reshapes Human Smuggling but Sahel Upheaval and Border Closures Prevent Return to pre-2015 Levels, Global Initiative

What France owes to Niger, London Review of Books

As Western States Withdraw, Turkey Aims to Fill a Vacuum in the Sahel, WPR

En Côte d’Ivoire, la « Françafrique » sévit encore, Le Monde diplomatique

African electoral coups should be treated as such, coups, ECDPM