Mali faces worsening jihadist violence amid fears of regional spillover, France24

Bamako under siege: why Mali’s army is struggling to break the jihadist blockade of the capital, The Conversation

Mali: Bamako peut-il tomber aux mains du JNIM?, France24

Niger Decriminalization Reshapes Human Smuggling but Sahel Upheaval and Border Closures Prevent Return to pre-2015 Levels, Global Initiative

What France owes to Niger, London Review of Books

As Western States Withdraw, Turkey Aims to Fill a Vacuum in the Sahel, WPR

En Côte d’Ivoire, la « Françafrique » sévit encore, Le Monde diplomatique

African electoral coups should be treated as such, coups, ECDPM

A Jihadist Blockade Is Bringing Mali’s Junta to Its Knees, WPR

Cameroon’s 2025 Presidential Election: Results, Reactions, and Implications, Robert Lansing Institute

Biya declared victor of Cameroon election: Why deadly protests broke out, Al-Jazeera

Defusing Cameroon’s Dangerous Electoral Standoff, Crisis Group

Succession questions loom after Côte d’Ivoire re-elects ageing president, Modern Ghana

Alassane Ouattara tightens control in Côte d’Ivoire as he seeks fourth term, Le Monde

Côte d’Ivoire’s elections have already been decided: Ouattara will win and democracy will lose, The Conversation

Côte d’Ivoire: Is Ouattara’s reelection a setback?, DW

Ouattara patiently built his network in Paris, Afrique XXI

Mauritania: Hodh Chargui (Mbera camp & host villages) – Factsheet, October 2025, ReliefWeb

How Senegal hopes report will reveal truth on French massacre in Thiaroye, France24

Au Sénégal, des archéologues exhument les corps du cimetière de Thiaroye pour élucider le massacre des tirailleurs, FranceInfo